Out of curiosity, how does Moody convince himself that he has devised a decent argument?
Moody goes wrong in unwittingly equivocating, repeatedly, between human
concepts expressible
via ordinary English and the neologisms he invents for denoting terms used by
zombies. He trades on the near-irresistable temptation to
read into a term
at least part of the meaning of
u; the reader sees
, but unavoidably thinks, at least
in part, u.
There are many instances of the fallacy of equivocation in Moody's paper;
I cite but one here. Moody writes:
ConsiderThe fact is, we couldn't explain, not even in principle, anything to a zombie. This is because if one explains p to x, then x must grasp or understand p, but grasping or understanding requires being conscious. A rock will never grasp anything; it would be perverse to ask how we might explain dreaming to a slab of granite. Yet zombies are, by definition, no more ``alive on the inside" than a rock.the phenomenon of dreaming. Could there be a cognate concept in zombie-English? How might we explain dreaming to them? We could say that dreams are things that we experience while asleep, but the zombies would not be able to make sense
of this.
Of course, Moody himself, earlier
in paper, says that zombies can't understand anything; he says they
merely understand
. But saying this camouflages the fact that rocks can
also understand
. The only difference between a rock and a zombie is that
the functions governing their behavior differ. This point can be made
vivid via the well-known concept of arbitrary realization.
It has been known for decades that a suitably configured abacus can
compute all functions a computer can compute [6]; and rocks and
wire can obviously be used to instantiate an abacus. It follows
from this and the view that the information processing taking place
in zombies is a matter of computation that zombies are in principle no
more than encased rocks moving as in an abacus. The point here is not to
recapitulate the
controversial arbitrary realization argument (according to which consciousness
can't be computation because rock and wire in motion can't be conscious; see
[5]); the point is that rocks and wire
moving so as to give rise to overt behavior like ours without
any consciousness in the picture is, by hypothesis, what
we are considering. To innoculate ourselves against
Moody smuggling in the familiar meaning of u
when he presents
, we need
to think of nothing more than well-behaved rock. So, for example, when Moody
says that ``we can easily imagine the parallel case of the zombie-philosophers
wondering
whether our consciousness-talk is evidence of something other
than mere consciousness
," we will be sure to imagine not something like what humans
feel when wondering about the strange states of mind
mystics enter, but rather rocks moving mindlessly
around so as to produce communication in
which the symbol `wondering' appears.