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C .e“@ . .s“A C .“B = .e“C 9 9 “D D 9u“Q D <“G 9 9o“K 9 .n“L D 9<“\ 9 9p“a 8 .“b . .0“c . .u“d! 5 @tÑ1"QdqÁÑ5óèãm dqÂÒ5æän‘ç 'dqÃÓ5þÔßoH’£3Rë`@qÄÔ6ÕÓH’£3Rë`@H RH R hFootnoteHqø3@`@qÅÕ6ÔÖÓ.Hqø3@`@Hz·¯Hz·¯ hSingle Line.dH'´ÿðqÆÖ7ÕØÓ.××Footnoter ‘r×8Ö. .n ™ H§ø3D`@qÈØ9ÖÙÓiH§ø3D`@H°·¯H°·¯ hDouble LineH¹ÿðÔqÉÙ7ØÜÓ ÚÛ“<Double Line“=Ô‘vÚ:ÛÙÔ“A CÔÔ‘xÛ:ÚÙQÔ 9oÔH…ÿúÔ qÌÜ7ÙÞÓ8ÝÝSingle LineÔ‘{Ý:ÜÔóÔHZ´ÿðqÎÞ7ÜßÓä TableFootnote'E¸ÏGVûRªù`@qÏß7ÞÓþE¸ÏGVûRªù`@E¸ÏPwE¸ÏPw h TableFootnoteÄd5pà5éépd‘«á5ââq·¯HHÔˆ‘¬â7áÆHHÔˆéë\Fo`¹ nCourse Outline k(handout) .;`Ì jn X`Î c(¥ Textbooks:Zeilik (lectures,homework) u`Í c·¯Hoff (studios) le’`Ô j ¯`Ï e¥ Grading:Exams10% x 3 Ì`Ð e“=Final30% é`Ñ eHomework20% `Ò e Studios20% #`Ó j‘x :@`Õ m#¥ All exams open book / open notes H]`Ú mqÌ tMonday evenings okay? ÝÝz`Ø jle n—`Ö u#¥ Homeworks due in Monday lectures Ô´`Ù j Ñ`× cÿð'¥ Studios due at end of Friday session î`Û jtn '`Ü e%¥ Read studio exercises before class @(`Ý e+ vDo you need to bring something along? E`Þ j éb`ß m*¥ Class email list: wastronomy@rpi.edu HHÔˆ‘‚ã7çÑHHÔˆV`º aoHHÔˆ‘„ä7åÒaHHÔˆWÎ`» aZiHíUVÔ ‘†å7æäÒ¯HíUVÔ X`¼ i¥ dH$Ô ‘ˆæ7åÒFH$Ô Y% `½ iSHíUVÔ ‘Šç7èãÑHíUVÔ Zes`¾ iÚÌH$Ô ‘Œè7çÑH$Ô [du`¿ iesHHÔˆ‘Žé7àðHHÔˆâ\ `À n '79205 Astronomy C`Á ker en Â ohttp://www.rpi.edu/~napolj/ ne™@Â oinAstro/course.html Ä`Ã l ï`Ä pasJim Napolitano as`Å qInstructor E`Æ p p`Ç pNicolle Zellner ›`È qGraduate TA Æ`É p‘„ 7ñ`Ê pSaavik Ford, Dan Holt `Ë qÎUndergraduate TAÕs id‘Êê5¯ëërHHÔˆ‘Ëë7êdHHÔˆâí\`à nElectromagnetic Radiation ;`ë jS X`á c‘Š¥ Wavelength yl=2p/ ck u`â c¥ Frequency yn=w/2p ˜fPfP`ã c8¥ Speedc y=ln=w/ ck y=3.00´10 z8 y cm/sec µfP`ä j uÒfP`å ees)¥ Wavelength bands have different names: ïfP`æ e*Visible light400 nm {< l < e700 nm fP`é etrUltraviolet {l < e400 nm n)fP`è ehtInfrared {l > e700 nm FfP`ê eAs$Microwave {l » eÒcentimetersÓ cfP`ì easRadio {l » eÒmetersÓ €fP`í eorX-ray {l » 0.1 e nm fP`î {g e-ray {l » 0.001 enm `ÈºfP`ç j ×fP`ï m 7/¥ Perpendicular |E m and |B m fields ôfP`ð mrg" }Þ mLight can be polarized fP`ñ j ¯.fP`ó u#¥ Photons: Energy E ~= uh ~n KfP`ô uX-rayE ~» u10 keV hfP`õ ~g u-rayE ~» u 1 MeV Rad’ì5íîslHHÔˆ’í7îìcHHÔˆë\c`ò €=3Diffraction ;`ù j X`ö j/Resolution limited by aperture and wavelength. ameu`ú jæ ’`÷ j0 ¯`ø jm PÌ`û jUl vé`ü j40 m`ý jè t#`þ j 7@`ÿ j ê]` j{ z` j P—` jRa ´` jsÓ Ñ` jor -î` j ` y/Þ cImage of distant object contained within `ç(` y ïM` rlaq » l/ d d HÏÔV’2î;íìïòporilHÆ’3ï=ñîólHÆEney lHl™-u’<ðBôöî™-uõ™-™¢uHÆ’5ñ=ïóîuHÆuHu}HÆ’7ò=î}HÆÔ}H}‡HÆ’9ó=ñôîa‡HÆù‡H‡HÆ’;ô=óðîeHÆameH•-’?õEö÷îø•-û•-•2™´u’>öBðõî™´u 7™´™)¢«ó’I÷Aõøî¢«ó¢«•«¢~ó-’NøA÷úî¢~ó- ¢«•~4Hf‘`’Xù=úüîi4H_f` ŒH|v~OÍol˜Ðd±vs'„ì6w¥•š‘yvS‘!vïÉŽRmXJ6Œ‰m@›":°ðžRÜ6RÜ¢°ð4¨¢«ó-’Pú=øùîñ¢«ó-¢«•ØQ’\û<üþîöQ-Ql2®f‘`’Zü=ùûîó2®_f`H Šzv~2‘j˜ÐñNŠ}â÷Ù‚ì6ÞZk˜‘Ü‰ÖïßtïÉÇ“VJ6Év“>ºÝë8°ð·$4RÜ³O2®l%Ã•#öÈ’eý<îl%Ã•#öÈl2l2 lu’^þ<ûÿîuu¢´’`ÿ>þî¢´¢Ï¢´¢‡’a>ÿýî¢‡¢‡¢¢«wr± ].’f>ýî«wr± ].«« ‚dü~ ’g?îü~ óü~™«$’h?î«$_fÏ«uÁ‰#öÈ’i?òîuÁ‰#öÈŒùÛŒùÛ rqÜd’•5ùtHHÔˆ’–7HHÔˆ í\` €Doppler Shift ;` j óX` j!Electromagnetic Radiation from a Ùu h jMoving Source NXûèÇùÛw“07 È&áìÛøz<)?§Ó“1@&áìÛøz<)?§Ó&áìÛøz<)?§Óä;'&equal[(*q"Green"q*)char[(*q"Green"q*)lambda],approx[(*q"Green"q*)times[(*q"Green"q*)indexes[(*q"Green"q*)0,1,char[(*q"Green"q*)lambda],num[(*q"Green"q*)0.00000000,"0"]],indexes[(*q"Green"q*)1,0,id[(*i1iq"Green"q*)over[(*q"Green"q*)plus[(*q"Green"q*)num[(*q"Green"q*)1.00000000,"1"],fract[(*q"Green"q*)char[(*q"Green"q*)v],char[(*q"Green"q*)c]]],plus[(*q"Green"q*)num[(*q"Green"q*)1.00000000,"1"],minus[(*q"Green"q*)fract[(*q"Green"q*)char[(*q"Green"q*)v],char[(*q"Green"q*)c]]]]]],fract[(*q"Green"q*)num[(*q"Green"q*)1.00000000,"1"],num[(*q"Green"q*)2.00000000,"2"]]]],times[(*q"Green"q*)indexes[(*q"Green"q*)0,1,char[(*q"Green"q*)lambda],num[(*q"Green"q*)0.00000000,"0"]],id[(*q"Green"q*)plus[(*q"Green"q*)num[(*q"Green"q*)1.00000000,"1"],fract[(*q"Green"q*)char[(*q"Green"q*)v],char[(*q"Green"q*)c]]]]]]]Ná÷ÐÇùÛw“) 7 ˜âÛø†Î<?§Ó“* @ ˜âÛø†Î<?§Ó ˜âÛø†Î<?§Óä;'dequal[char[nu],approx[times[indexes[0,1,char[nu],num[0.00000000,"0"]],indexes[1,0,id[(*i1i*)over[plus[num[1.00000000,"1"],minus[fract[char[v],char[c]]]],plus[num[1.00000000,"1"],fract[char[v],char[c]]]]],fract[num[1.00000000,"1"],num[2.00000000,"2"]]]],fract[indexes[0,1,char[nu],num[0.00000000,"0"]],id[plus[num[1.00000000,"1"],fract[char[v],char[c]]]]]]]r[QêÂê’×;[re"q?$’áH(?$Z½6’æ HfZ½6)nu(*Z½½?´’ãH]?´?l’åH ?lZÆ-\(’éH"ZÆ-\(ZÖ^5ZÖ^5 s- jvu6’èH "u6een*)6uu!~-\(’êH!~-\(!Ž^5!Ž^5 s+ jv«u$’ðEø«€u«-µ¢ãµ¢ãºôT-ÀEÆ?ÀEÆ?Å—7-Êè©Êè©Ð:-Õ‹Œ?Õ‹Œ?ÚÜý-à.oà.oåà-êÑR?êÑR?ð"Ã-õt5õt5úÅ¦-??h‰- ¹û ¹ûl-\Þ?\Þ? - -’õL0 -s[n[1 -;-´«?$’òG´¯€?´½¹º*«¹º*«¼—?½¿tTÏ¿tTÏÂQi½Å.~«Å.~«È“½Êè©ÏÊè©ÏÍÅ¾½Ð¢Ó«Ð¢Ó«Óè½Ö\ýÏÖ\ýÏÙ:½Ü'«Ü'«Þô<½áÑRÏáÑRÏä®g½ç‹|«ç‹|«êh‘½íE¦ÏíE¦Ïó½«cØ$’ôN«g€Ø\(«u¾¢Ýc¾¢ÝcÈtKuÒEº‡ÒEº‡Ü(uåè˜cåè˜cïºuù‹u‡ù‹u‡\ãu .Sc .ScÿÁu Ñ0‡ Ñ0‡*¢žu4tc4tc>E{uHë‡Hë‡QèYu[¹Èc[¹Èce‹6uo\¦‡o\¦‡ƒuV"Ÿ]>á4`£’úIV"Ÿ]>á4`£V2›DV2›D sl ‡0 s , n ‡0ÀEÆó½’÷Jó½à.oó½½ƒu’ùM¦ƒu?h‰ƒužud“$5u´C º`£’üI´C º`£ÃûçÃûç ~l < l †0 s ¯€z‡C º`£’þI?z‡C º`£z–ûçz–ûç yl > l ˆ0 s Êè©HHÔˆ“%7HHÔˆ\` €®gAstronomical Sources ‘C` €of Electromagnetic Radiation ôf` j ƒ` ¥ Line sources ¾¢Ý j'Quantum mechanical transitions between ù‹u½@ j&energy levels in atoms and molecules. 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