Answers:
When only glucose is present, the red hat and the green hat are carrying unneeded extra baggage that slows them down.
When lactose is usually present, the red hat is at a disadvantage until the glucose is exhausted but then has a big advantage.
When lactose is seldom present, the green hat is at a small disadvantage in competing for glucose. The red hat has a big disadvantage. When lactose appears, the red hat is ready to feast but may have been eliminated earlier during the competition for glucose. The green hat encounters a delay when lactose appears in order to synthesize the needed enzymes. When the glucose is exhausted, the green hat is sitting pretty and did not have to carry much extra baggage during good times to be the winner in unusual times.
The red hat is at such a big disadvantage that it probably is present at very low concentrations. When there is lactose present, this situation is so favorable that it becomes the winner. Much more commonly, glucose is present so that organisms that can use it efficiently will predominate. The green hat may not have the ideal equipment, but the genetics that remains unused until needed is almost nothing in terms of extra baggage. Making extra enzymes all the time (red hat) is a lot of extra baggage. With the green hat usually present, first the sugar is consumed, and then the lactose. Enzymes that are always present and active are constitutive. Enzymes that are synthesized or activated when needed are inducible.
"DONE"