Fermenter Agitation

Fermenters usually require very good agitation, and that takes considerable power. Photo of fermenters and drives. A strong agitator shaft is required. Entry of the shaft into the fermenter could provide a path for contamination. Also, the fermenter is held above atmospheric pressure so the place where the shaft enters should not be a place where air escapes.
Sketches of seals
If the shaft enters the top of the vessel and extends to near the bottom, some support is required. The next sketch shows a bracket that is welded to the vessel to hold a bearing in which the shaft turns. Also shown are baffles. Without them, the contents would swirl, and power would be wasted. Why would power be wasted ?

Various impellers may be used. Turbine impellers deliver power well and assist aeration by shearing bubbles. Propellors provide predominantly axial mixing. Turbines are most often used, but they may be in combination with propellors. 


Sketch of impellers
Baffle page from other presentation
Move on to Inspection

These figures are taken from a BASIC program written by Gregory Fieldson for a term project in 1988.