PRESENTATIONS (most recent listed first)

Presentations based on refereed, published papers are listed in the section: Published Conference Proceedings

2004

  1. Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2004, Nov 30 – Dec 03). Avoiding errors, frustrations, and stable suboptimal performance while facilitating thought and problem solving. Talk presented at the NIMD Semi-Annual PI Meeting, Orlando, FL.

  2. Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2004, Nov 30 – Dec 03). Modeling the intelligence analyst as user: understanding soft constraints in interactive behavior. Talk presented at the NIMD Semi-Annual PI Meeting, Orlando, FL

  3. Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., Myers, C. W., & Neth, H. (2004, Nov). Interaction-intensive versus memory-intensive adaptations to information access in decision-making. Talk presented at the 45th Annual Meeting of the Psychonomics Society, Minneapolis, MN

  4. Myers, C. W., & Schoelles, M. J. (2004, Nov). EMAPS: Eye movement & action protocol sequencer. Paper presented at the Society for Computers in Psychology, Minneapolis, MN.

  5. Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2004, Nov 3-4). Bridging the human-computer-information interface gap: understanding soft constraints in interactive behavior. Talk presented at the Air Force Research Laboratory Workshop on the Commanders' Predictive Environment, Syracuse, NY.

  6. Gluck, K., & Gray, W. D. (2004, Aug). ACT-R as a unified architecture of cognition: A symposium in honor of John R. Anderson. In K. D. Forbus, D. Gentner & T. Regier (Eds.), Symposium presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci2004 (pp. 9). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Publisher.

  7. Gray, W. D., Veksler, V. D., & Fu, W.-T. (2004, Aug). Probing the paradox of the active user: Asymmetrical transfer may produce stable, suboptimal performance. In K. D. Forbus, D. Gentner & T. Regier (Eds.), Poster presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci2004 (pp. 1564). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Publisher.

  8. Guhe, M., Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Ji, Q. (2004, Aug). Towards an affective cognitive architecture. Member abstract presented at the 26th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci2004, Hillsdale, NJ.

  9. Myers, C. W., Neth, H., Schoelles, M. J., & Gray, W. D. (2004, July). The simBorg approach to modeling a dynamic decision-making task. Poster presented at the 6th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling–ICCM2004, Pittsburgh, PA.

  10. Veksler, V. D., & Gray, W. D. (2004, July). State definition in the Tetris task: Designing a hybrid model of cognition. Poster presented at the 6th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling–ICCM2004, Pittsburgh, PA.

  11. Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2004, May 25-28). simBorgs: Engineering a resolution to the paradox of the active user. Talk presented at the Novel Intelligence from Massive Data (NIMD) Semi-Annual PI Meeting, Arlington, VA.

  12. Gray, W. D. (2004, March). Explorations in dynamic decision making. Talk presented at the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Workshop for the Cognitive/Decision Making Program, Phoenix, AZ.

  13. Ji, Q., Gray, W. D., Guhe, M., & Schoelles, M. J. (2004, March). Towards an integrated cognitive architecture for modeling and recognizing user affect. Talk presented at the AAAI Spring Symposium on Emotion Modeling and Recognition, Stanford, CA.

  14. Gray, W. D., & Ji, Q. (2004, January). We know what you are feeling, doing, seeing, and thinking: Expanding the definition of context for active user assistance. Talk presented at the DARPA IPTO Meeting, Orlando, FL.

  15. Gray, W. D., Ji, Q., Schoelles, M. J., & Guhe, M. (2004, January). Recognizing user affective states for active assistance. Talk presented at the ONR Collaboration and Knowledge Management Workshop, San Diego, CA.

2003 (first author presentations only for 2003 and earlier)

  1. Gray, W. D. (2003, December). The nature and timing of interruptions in a complex, cognitive task: Empirical data and computational cognitive models. Invited colloquium talk presented at the Industrial & Organizational Engineering Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.

  2. Gray, W. D. (2003, December). Changing the future: Inventing the science and engineering base for integrated, multi-tool task environments. Invited talk presented at the Social & Behavior Research Laboratory, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.

  3. Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2003, July). SimBorgs: Towards the building of simulated human users for interactive system design. Paper presented at the 10th Annual ACT-R Workshop, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.

  4. Schoelles, M. J., & Gray, W. D. (2003, July). Cognitive constraints in dual-task performance: Implications of the ACT-R architecture. Paper presented at the 10th Annual ACT-R Workshop, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.

  5. Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Myers, C. W. (2003, May). Soft constraints in the formation and transfer of procedural skills: Resolving the paradox of the active user. Paper presented at the ONR Workshop on Attention, Perception, and Modeling for Complex Displays, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY.

  6. Schoelles, M. J., & Gray, W. D. (2003, April). Top-down versus bottom-up control of cognition in a task switching paradigm, Poster presented at the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Bamberg, GE.

  7. Gray, W. D. (2003, March). Soft Constraints on Interactive Behavior: Perspectives, Recent Research, and Future Directions. Paper presented at the IK2003, Guhe, GE.

2002

  1. Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Myers, C. W. (October 2002). Computational cognitive models ISO ecologically optimal strategies. Paper presented at the 46th Annual Conference of the Human Factors & Ergonomics Society. Baltimore, MD.

  2. Gray, W. D. (September 2002). Soft Constraints on Interactive Behavior: Perspectives, Recent Research, and Future Directions. Invited talk given at the Air Force Laboratory Human Effectiveness Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio.

  3. Gray, W. D. (2002, May 22-24). Global and local adaptations to soft constraints on interactive behavior. Paper presented at the ONR Workshop on Attention, Perception and Data Visualization, Fairfax, VA.

  4. Gray, W. D. (April 2002). Soft Constraints on Interactive Behavior: Perspectives, Recent Research, and Future Directions, Invited talk at the Beckman Institute of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaigne

  5. Gray, W. D. (April 2002). The human in human-computer interaction. In, K. Butler, W. D. Gray, & R. J. K. Jacob (organizers). Human-computer interaction: Introduction and overview, Tutorial presented at the ACM CHI '2002 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.

  6. Gray, W. D. (January 2002). Soft Constraints on Interactive Behavior: Perspectives, Recent Research, and Future Directions, Invited talk given to the Cognitive Science Department of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Troy, NY.

  7. Gray, W. D. & Schoelles, M. (January 2002). Argus Prime in ACT-R 5.0. Paper presented at the Workshop on ACT-R models of Human-System Interaction, Mesa, Arizona.

2001

  1. Gray, W. D., Horvitz, E., Kowler, E, Levy, C. Steinman, R., & Sperling, G. (August 2001). Key Opportunities in Augmented Cognition: Report of the Attention Group. Report presented at the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.

  2. Gray, W. D., & Fu, W.-t. (2001). Ignoring perfect knowledge in-the-world for imperfect knowledge in-the-head: Implications of rational analysis for interface design. Paper presented at the ACM CHI'01 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, New York.

2000

  1. Gray, W. D., & Fu, W.-t. (2000, November). Memory versus Perceptual-Motor Tradeoffs in a Blocks World Task. Paper presented at the Conference of the Psychonomics Society, New Orleans.

  2. Gray, W. D., & Schoelles, M. J. (2000, November). Argus: A suite of tool for research in complex cognition. Paper presented at the Society for Computers in Psychology, New Orleans.

  3. Gray, W. D., & Kirschenbaum, S. S. (2000). Captain Nemo: A software engineering approach to constructing a cognitively plausible model for Project Nemo. Paper presented at the Seventh ACT-R Workshop, Pittsburgh, PA.

  4. Gray, W. D. (June 2000). Discussant for Symposium on Human Performance Modeling. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 44th Annual Meeting. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society

  5. Gray, W. D. (2000, May). Following the path of cognitive least-effort may be a lot of work: Is cognition a local optimizer? Invited talk presented at the Mid-Western Psychological Society, Chicago, IL.

  6. Gray, W. D. (2000, April) Special Interest Group on GOMS. CHI’99 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. The Hague, NL.

  7. Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M. J., & Fu, W.-t. (2000, April). Modeling a continuous dynamic task, Third International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 158-168). Groningen, NL: Universal Press.

1999

  1. Gray, W. D. (1999, June). Scaled worlds: Tractable, realistic, and engaging? Paper presented at the Scaled Worlds '99: Inaugural International Synthetic Task Development Conference, Athens, GA.

  2. Gray, W. D. (1999, May) Interview ? before live audience of 500 conference attendees. CHIí99 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Pittsburgh, PA.

  3. Gray, et al. (1999, May). Free GOMS Tutorial. Carnegie Mellon University, Pgh.

  4. Gray, W. D. (1999, May) Special Interest Group on GOMS. CHIí99 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Pittsburgh, PA.

  5. Gray et al, debate at HFES. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 42th Annual Meeting, Chicago

1998

  1. Gray, W. D., Schoelles, M., & Fu, W. (July 1998). Milliseconds Matter. Paper presented at the Fifth Annual ACT-R Workshop. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University.

  2. Gray, W. D. (1998, May). Argus Prime: The Role of Dynamic Microstrategies in Cognitive Workload. Paper presented at the first year review of Project Argus, sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.

1997

  1. Gray, W. D. (September 1997). Submariner Situation Assessment: A Cognitive Process Analysis and Modeling Approach. Paper presented at the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Albuquerque, NM

  2. Gray, W. D., & Boehm-Davis, D. A. (September 1997). Workshop on Cognitive Task Analysis: The GOMS family. Paper presented at the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Albuquerque, NM.

  3. Gray, W. D. (August 1997). The precis of Project Nemo, phase 1: Subgoaling and subschemas for submariners. Paper presented at the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Palo Alto, CA.

  4. Gray, W. D. (August 1997). Dynamic micro-strategies and cognitive workload. Paper presented at the Fourth Annual ACT-R Workshop. Pittsburgh, PA:  Carnegie Mellon University.

  5. Gray, W. D. (August 1997). Teaching ACT-R. Panel presented at the Fourth Annual ACT-R Workshop. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Mellon University.

  6. Gray, W. D. (July 1997). Computational cognitive modeling applied to human performance in simulation. Invited talk given to the Human Performance in Simulation Workshop, ARI/IDA, Arlington, VA.

  7. Gray, W. D. (July 1997). Cognitive factors in information overload. Keynote address given to the Futures' Symposium at the DODIIS Worldwide Conference, Tysons Corner, VA.

1996

  1. Gray, W. D. (November 1996). Subgoals for submariners. Invited talk given to the ONR Hybrid Architecture Workshop, San Diego.

  2. Gray, W. D. (April 1996). Damaged merchandise?. Invited talk given to the Human-Computer Interaction Institute, CMU. Pittsburgh, PA.

  3. Gray, W. D. (April 1996). Nature, detection, and correction of errors. Invited talk given to the Human-Computer Interaction Institute, CMU. Pittsburgh, PA.

1995

  1. Gray, W. D. (December 1995). Subschemas for Submariners. Invited talk given to Systems Engineering Department at George Mason University. Fairfax, VA.

  2. Gray, W. D. (October 1995). Cognitive modeling from a Psychologistís perspective. Invited talk presented at the Krasnow Research Institute. Fairfax, VA.

  3. Gray, W. D. (September 1995). Cognitive modeling applied to hardware evaluation. Invited talk presented at the Seminar Series of the Internal Revenue Service. Washington, DC.

  4. Gray, W. D., & Kirschenbaum, S. K. (August 1995). Cognitive models of situation assessment. Invited talk presented at the ONR Common Tactical Picture meeting. Arlington, VA.

  5. Gray, W. D. (July 1995). Adventures in teaching ACT-R. Invited talk presented at the Second Annual ACT-R Workshop, Carnegie Mellon University. Pittsburgh, PA.

  6. Gray, W. D., & Kirschenbaum, S. K. (July 1995). Subschemas for submariners. Talk presented at the Second Annual ACT-R Workshop, Carnegie Mellon University. Pittsburgh, PA.

  7. Gray, W. D. (June 1995). VCR-as-paradigm: A study and taxonomy of errors in an interactive task. Paper presented at Interactí95. Lillehammer, Norway.

  8. Gray, W. D. (May 1995). How I saved the phone company big bucks by applying cognitive science. Invited talk presented at themonthly meeting of the Software Psychology Society. Washington, DC.

  9. Gray, W. D., & Kirschenbaum, S. K. (May 1995). Cognitive models of situation assessment. Invited talk presented at U.S. Navy Center for Advanced Research in Artificial Intelligence (NCARAI). Washington, DC.

  10. Gray, W. D. (April 1995). Discount or Disservice? Panel presentation at the CHIí95 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Denver, CO.

  11. Kirschenbaum, S. K., Gray, W. D., & Young, R. (April 1995). (Organizers). Cognitive Architectures and Human-Computer Interaction. Workshop conducted at the CHIí95 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Denver, CO.

  12. Gray, W. D. (April 1995). (Organizer). Discount or Disservice?: Evaluation at a bargin price or simply damaged merchandize? Panel presented at the CHIí95 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Denver, CO.

1994

  1. Gray, W. D. & Sabnani, H. (April 1994). Why you canít program your VCR, or, predicting errors and performance with production system models of display-based action. Poster presented at the CHI'94 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Boston, MA.

1993

  1. Gray, W. D. (1993, December). Perspectives on End-User Programming. Panel organized for the fifth workshop on the Empirical Studies of Programmers, Cupertino, CA.

  2. Gray, W. D. (Mar., 1993). Multimedia Education & the Center for Cognitive Technologies. Talk delivered during Deanís Day at Fordham University, Graduate School of Education (March 27, 1993).

1992

  1. Gray, W. D. (Dec., 1992). GOMS and the Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime. Invited address delivered to Psi Chi, the Psychology Honor Society, at Fordham University, College at Lincoln Center.

  2. Gray, W. D. (Sept, 1992). Ramps for Educators. Talk delivered to the Philips, N.A. Laboratories, Briarcliff Manor, NY.

  3. Gray, W. D. (May 18, 1992). The Précis of Project Ernestine or An Overview of a Validation of GOMS. Invited address delivered to the Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ.

  4. Gray, W. D. (May 1, 1992). End User Programming with HyperTalk: Joy or Burden? Invited address delivered to the Advanced Technology Group at Apple Computer, Cupertino, CA.

  5. Gray, W. D., John, B. E., & Atwood, M. E. (1992, May). The Précis of Project Ernestine or An Overview of a Validation of GOMS. Paper presented at CHI'92, Monterey, CA.

  6. Gray, W. D. (1992, May). End-User Programming. Workshop organized for the CHI'92 Conference, Monterey, CA.

  7. Gray, W. D. (1992, February). GOMS and the dog that did not bark, or, after 4 months and 78,240 trials where is the learning? Invited presentation to the Metropolitan Area Researchers on Instruction & Education.

  8. Gray, W. D. (1992, January). Cognitive Modeling for Fun & Profit, or, An Overview of a Validation of GOMS. Invited presentation to the Metropolitan Chapter of the Human Factors Society.

1991

  1. Gray, W. D. (1991, December). Tutors and Environments for Novice Programmers. Panel presented at the fourth workshop on the Empirical Studies of Programmers, New Brunswick, NJ.

  2. Gray, W. D., & Burns, B., (1991, August). Tuning the Ideal Student Model: Towards an Intelligent Editing of ITS Models. Paper presented at the International Conference on the Learning Sciences, 1991. Evanston, IL.

  3. Gray, W. D., John, B. E., & Atwood, M. E. (1991, February). An application and evaluation of GOMS techniques for Operator workstation evaluation. Paper presented at the meeting of the HCI Consortium, 1991. Ann Arbor, MI.

1990

  1. Gray, W. D. (1990, October). (Participant) Real-time GOMS: Comparative modeling of a user-Nintendo interaction. Panel presented at the 34rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1990. Orlando, FL

  2. Gray, W. D. (1990, October). (Organizer) Real-time GOMS: Comparative modeling of a user-Nintendo interaction. Panel presented at the 34rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1990. Orlando, FL

  3. Gray, W. D., John, B. E., Stuart, R., Lawrence, D., & Atwood, M. E. (1990, May). GOMS meets the phone company: Part 2, or, Data from the worldís first, large-scale application of GOMS. Poster presented at the CHI ë90 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Seattle, WA.

1989

  1. Gray, W. D., Burns, B., & Schooler, L. (1989, October). The Usability of Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Paper presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1989. Denver, CO

  2. Gray, W. D. (1989, October). GOMS After 8,400,000 Unit-Tasks, or Was All of This Empirical Data Really Necessary? Panel presentation at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1989. Denver, CO

  3. Gray, W. D. (1989, October). If Programming is What Programmers Do Then Why Do They Do What They Do? Panel presentation at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1989. Denver, CO

  4. Gray, W. D., John, B. E., Lawrence, D., Stuart, R., & Atwood, M. E. (1989, May). GOMS meets the phone company, or, Can 8,400,000 unit-tasks be wrong? Poster presented at the CHI ë89 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Austin, TX.

1979-1988

  1. Gray, W. D., Corbett, A. T., & VanLehn, K. (1988, August). Planning and Implementation Errors in Algorithm Design. Poster presented at the Cognitive Science Society Conference. Montreal, Canada.

  2. Gray, W. D., & Anderson, J. R. (1987, December). Change episodes in coding: When and how do programmers change their code? Paper presented at the Second workshop on the Empirical study of programmers. Rosslyn, VA.

  3. Gray, W. D., & Psotka, J. (1986, March). Intelligent tutor for training: The HAWK MACH--III. Paper presented at the Intelligent Systems Symposium, sponsored by the American Defense Preparedness Society. Fort Belvoir, VA.

  4. Gray, W. D. (1985, February). Research and implementation of high technology training at an Army school. Paper presented at the Conference on Reasoning & Higher Education. Boise, ID.

  5. Gray, W. D. (1984, October). Implementation monitoring: A role for evaluators. In W. D. Gray, (Chair), Implementation: A Key to High Organizational Performance. Panel held at the Joint Meeting of the Evaluation Research Society and Evaluation Network. San Francisco, CA.

  6. Gray, W. D., & Stone, C. (1984, May). CBI for Army Engineers: Development and research. Project Report presented at the 25th International Conference of the Association for the Development of Computer-based Instructional Systems. Columbus, OH.

  7. Gray, W. D. (1984, February). ARI research on training technology. In F. Schufletowski (Chair), Current DoD Research Efforts. Panel held at the Second Annual Air Force Conference on Technology in Training & Education (AFTITE). Sheppard AFB, TX.

  8. Gray, W. D., & Hamza, A. N. (1983, July). A cognitive task analysis and the new learning theory. In W. D. Gray (Chair), Cognitive Task Analysis: Using Cognitive Science to Improve Training Productivity. Symposium held at the conference of the Society for Applied Learning Technology. Arlington, VA.

  9. Gray, W. D., & Roberts-Gray, C. (1982, October). Implementing Army training programs: Translating model into action. Paper presented at the 1982 joint meeting of the Evaluation Research Society & Evaluation Network. Baltimore, MD.

  10. Roberts-Gray, C., Gray, T., & Gray, W. D. (1982, October). Implementing Army training programs: A model to guide planning and evaluation. Paper presented at the 1982 joint meeting of the Evaluation Research Society & Evaluation Network. Baltimore, MD.

  11. Gray, W. D. (1982, August). Life cycle evaluation: A "cradle-to-maturity" approach for Army training programs. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC.

  12. Gray, W. D. (1982, July). Assessing the effectiveness of tactical training with MILES: A life cycle evaluation. In M. Carpenter-Huffman (Chair), Concepts and Issues in Productivity Assessment. Symposium held at the Conference of the Society for Applied Learning Technology. Arlington, VA.

  13. Gray, W. D. (1982, June). Simulations of combat: Problems in implementation and use. In J. W. Singleton (Chair), Training, system evaluation, and validation. Panel held at the Workshop on Manned Simulator Testbeds for the Defensive Air Battle, MITRE, McLean, VA.

  14. Gray, W. D. (1979, April). The positive effects of negative transfer. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association. San Diego, CA.

  15. Gray, W. D. (1979, April). List effects or item effects? The influence of the size of the total ensemble upon recall. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association. San Diego, CA.

  16. Gray, W. D., & Bekarian, D. (1979, April). Incidental forgetting. Paper presented at the meeting of the Western Psychological Association. San Diego, CA.

 

    For rest of publications return to: Publication & Presentation Index

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